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<title>Eleanor Singer</title>

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<span id="openzim-page-title" class="mw-page-title-main"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Eleanor Singer</span></span>

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<p><b>Eleanor Singer</b> (March 4, 1930 – June 3, 2017) was an Austrian-born American expert on <a href="Survey_methodology" title="Survey methodology">survey methodology</a>. She edited <i><a href="Public_Opinion_Quarterly" title="Public Opinion Quarterly">Public Opinion Quarterly</a></i> from 1975 to 1986,<sup id="cite_ref-isr_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and with several co-authors wrote the textbook <i>Survey Methodology</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-sm_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sm-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1987 to 1989 she was president of the <a href="American_Association_for_Public_Opinion_Research" title="American Association for Public Opinion Research">American Association for Public Opinion Research</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-isr_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education_and_career">Education and career</h2></div>

<p>Singer was born in <a href="Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a>. In 1938, a relative in New York helped her family escape the Nazis by moving to the US, and she grew up in <a href="Astoria%2C_Queens" title="Astoria, Queens">Astoria, Queens</a>. She did her undergraduate studies at <a href="Queens_College%2C_City_University_of_New_York" title="Queens College, City University of New York">Queens College, City University of New York</a>, completing a bachelor's degree in English in 1951 as the top student in her class. It was at this time that she met her husband, Alan Singer.<sup id="cite_ref-isr_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-presser_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presser-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>Singer became an editor of books, for various publishers, and started focusing in books on social science. She entered graduate study at <a href="Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> in 1959, studying <a href="Sociology" title="Sociology">sociology</a> there, and completed her Ph.D. in 1966, with a dissertation on <i>Birth Order, Educational Aspirations, and Educational Attainment</i> supervised by Herbert H. Hyman.<sup id="cite_ref-isr_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-presser_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presser-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

</p><p>For approximately the next 30 years, Singer continued to work at Columbia as a researcher. She joined the Survey Research Center at the <a href="University_of_Michigan_Institute_for_Social_Research" title="University of Michigan Institute for Social Research">University of Michigan Institute for Social Research</a> in 1994. She retired in 2006, but remained active as a researcher until close to her death.<sup id="cite_ref-isr_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-presser_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presser-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Contributions">Contributions</h2></div>

<p>Some of Singer's early research surveyed patient satisfaction with drug treatments. When the <a href="National_Research_Act" title="National Research Act">National Research Act</a> of 1974 created strict new requirements for human subjects research, Singer conducted a survey of experimental subjects' experiences that made her "the preeminent survey expert on confidentiality and informed consent". In the 1980s, her research concerned the ways that the media reported on social science research and on risk. After she moved to Michigan, she shifted focus again, primarily concentrating on survey methodology.<sup id="cite_ref-presser_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-presser-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2></div>

<p>In 1996, Singer won the lifetime achievement award of the American Association for Public Opinion Research.<sup id="cite_ref-isr_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> She was elected as a <a href="Fellow_of_the_American_Statistical_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Fellow of the American Statistical Association">Fellow of the American Statistical Association</a> in 2008, and in 2016 she won the Monroe G. Sirken Award in Interdisciplinary Survey Methods Research for "significant contributions in our understanding of survey participation, sources of nonresponse bias, and factors affecting survey responses; for pioneering research on the use and effects of incentives; and for leadership in developing awareness and understanding of ethical issues in survey research."<sup id="cite_ref-isr_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-isr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>

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<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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</style><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170630202325/http://home.isr.umich.edu/releases/survey-researcher-eleanor-singer-dies/"><i>Survey researcher Eleanor Singer dies at 87</i></a>, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, June 4, 2017, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://home.isr.umich.edu/releases/survey-researcher-eleanor-singer-dies/">the original</a> on June 30, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-10-28</span></span></cite>. See also the linked obituary in a special issue of the <i>SRC Center Survey</i>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-sm-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sm_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Reviews of <i>Survey Methodology</i>:

Paul Beatty (January 2005), <i>Public Opinion Quarterly</i> 69 (2): 326–329, <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpoq%2Fnfi018">10.1093/poq/nfi018</a>;

<a href="Sarah_Nusser" title="Sarah Nusser">Sarah M. Nusser</a> (January 2012), <i>Journal of the American Statistical Association</i> 101 (475): 1310–1311, <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1198%2Fjasa.2006.s123">10.1198/jasa.2006.s123</a>;

Brajesh Kumar (2012), <i>Comparative Sociology</i> 11 (1): 146–148, <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1163%2F156913312X619391">10.1163/156913312X619391</a>.</span>

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<li id="cite_note-presser-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-presser_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-presser_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-presser_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-presser_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFPresser2017" class="citation cs2">Presser, Stanley (2017), "Eleanor Singer, 1930–2017", <i>Public Opinion Quarterly</i>, <b>81</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">800–</span>802, <a href="Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fpoq%2Fnfx030">10.1093/poq/nfx030</a></cite></span>

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